Kaja Kallas: Navigating Europe's Geopolitical Landscape

Kaja Kallas, the Prime Minister of Estonia since 2021, is a prominent advocate for European security, NATO cooperation, and digital innovation. A strong supporter of Ukraine, she has played a crucial role in shaping the EU’s response to Russian aggression while pushing for greater European defense autonomy and resilience. Her leadership has positioned Estonia as a key voice in European politics, balancing security concerns with technological advancement and democratic values.

Question: Madam High Representative, it's been three years since the onset of the war in Ukraine. How has this conflict reshaped Europe's foreign policy approach?

Kaja Kallas: The war in Ukraine has been a pivotal moment for Europe. It underscored the necessity for a unified and robust response to aggression at our borders. We've learned that peace is not a given; it requires collective effort and resilience. This realization has led us to strengthen our support for Ukraine, both militarily and economically, and to reassess our defense strategies to ensure the security of our continent.

Question: You've been a strong advocate for utilizing frozen Russian assets to aid Ukraine. Could you elaborate on this proposal?

Kallas: Certainly. The EU has frozen approximately €210 billion in Russian state funds. I believe these assets should be repurposed to assist Ukraine in rebuilding and addressing the immense damage caused by the war. While there are legal complexities involved in seizing these funds outright, I am confident that, with time and collective will, we can navigate these challenges to support Ukraine effectively.

Question: Regarding global dynamics, you've suggested that China should face higher costs for its support of Russia. What measures do you envision?

Kallas: China's backing of Russia in the Ukraine conflict cannot be overlooked. To address this, we must consider a range of actions, including economic sanctions and diplomatic efforts, to convey that such support has consequences. It's imperative that we align our strategies with international partners to present a unified front, ensuring that our response is both effective and comprehensive.

Question: The idea of European strategic autonomy has been a recurring theme in your speeches. How do you see this concept evolving?

Kallas: European strategic autonomy is about empowering the EU to act independently when necessary, particularly in defense and security. This doesn't mean distancing ourselves from allies but rather ensuring that we have the capabilities to protect our interests. By investing in our defense industries, enhancing military cooperation among member states, and reducing dependencies on external actors, we can build a more resilient and self-reliant Europe.

Question: Your tenure has also seen discussions about the EU's role in global conflicts beyond Europe, such as in the Middle East. What is your stance on these issues?

Kallas: The EU has a responsibility to contribute to global stability. In regions like the Middle East, our approach is to support diplomatic solutions, provide humanitarian aid, and collaborate with international partners to address root causes of conflicts. For instance, in Syria, we are engaging with regional actors to promote an inclusive political process and have adjusted our sanctions policy to support this goal.

Question: Reflecting on your journey from Estonia's Prime Minister to the EU's top diplomat, how has your background influenced your approach to these challenges?

Kallas: Growing up in Estonia, a nation that has experienced occupation and values its sovereignty deeply, has profoundly shaped my perspective. It instilled in me a strong appreciation for freedom, democracy, and the rule of law. These principles guide my work daily, driving my commitment to protect and promote them within the EU and beyond.

Question: Looking ahead, what are your primary objectives for the EU's foreign policy?

Kallas: Our foremost goal is to ensure the security and stability of the EU. This involves supporting Ukraine to achieve a just peace, strengthening our defense capabilities, and fostering strategic partnerships globally. Additionally, we must address emerging challenges such as cybersecurity, energy security, and the impacts of climate change on international stability. By proactively engaging with these issues, we can safeguard our interests and uphold our values on the world stage.